Tuesday, November 10, 2009

ANALGESICS IN TRAUMATIC DENTISTRY



Analgesics are drugs that selectively relieve pain by acting in CNS or on peripheral pain mechanisms without significantly altering consciousness.


Analgesics are mainly divided into 2 groups:
  1. Opioid Analgesics
  2. Non Opiod Analgesics and NSAIDS
OPIOID ANALGESICS
  • Natural Opium alkaloids
                        -Morphine & Codeine
  •  Semi synthetic opiates
                        -Diacetylmorphine
                        -Pholcodeine
  •  Synthetic opioids
            -Pethidine
             -Fentanyl
             -Methadone
            -Dextropropoxyphene
            -Ethoheptazine
             -Tramadol




NON OPIOID ANALGESICS ; NSAIDS
-          Salicylates – Aspirin, Salicylamide, Benorylate, Diffunisal.


-          Pyrazolone derivatives – Phenyl butazone, Indomethacine, Oxyphenyl-butazone.


-          Propionic acid derivatives – Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Ketoprofen, Fenoprofen, Flurbiprofen, Oxaprozin.


-          Indole derivatives – Indomethacin, Sulindac.


-          Anthranilic acid derivative – Mephanimic acid, Enfenamic acid, Flufenamic acid.


-          Aryl acetic acid derivative – Diclofenac, Tolmetin, Phenyl acetic acid derivative.


-          Oxicam derivative – Piroxicam, Tenoxicam.




Another classification:
Agonists             - Morphine and compounds
Partial agonists -Buprenorphine                                                                                 
Mixed agonist-antagonists
                           -Nalbuphine
                           -Pentazocine
                           -Meptazinol
                           -Butorphanol

8 comments:

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